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关键词

L唱M算法 1

交叉模态 1

人工神经网络 1

优化算法 1

低剂量CT；CT成像；全变分；稀疏字典学习 1

信任网络；稀疏学习；同质效应；交互行为 1

协议独立的组播路由一稀疏模式（PIM-SM) 1

多会聚点（RPs) 1

小阻尼稀疏模态系统 1

成品率预测；参数扰动；多元参数成品率；性能建模；稀疏表示 1

战场损伤评估；改进的KL散度稀疏自动编码机；结构优化；特征选择 1

数据驱动方法 1

无监督；局部学习；组稀疏回归；特征选择 1

模态叠加 1

疲劳损伤累积 1

目标跟踪；稀疏学习；深度视角；遮挡物模板；深度图像特征 1

短期负荷预测 1

稀疏快速傅里叶变换（sFFT）；Clifford傅里叶变换（CFT）；稀疏快速Clifford傅里叶变换（SFCFT）；Clifford代数 1

稀疏表示；拉普拉斯正则子；字典学习；双稀疏；流形 1

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结构化稀疏学习综述 Review

Lin-bo QIAO, Bo-feng ZHANG, Jin-shu SU, Xi-cheng LU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第4期页码 445-463 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601489

摘要：稀疏学习由于其简约特性和计算优势而获得了越来越多的关注，在具有稀疏性的条件下，许多计算问题可以在实践中得到有效的处理。而结构化稀疏学习则进一步将结构信息进行编码，在多个研究领域取得成功。随着各类型结构的发现，人们相继提出了各种结构化正则函数。这些正则函数通过利用特定的结构信息极大提高了稀疏学习算法的性能。在本文中，我们从想法、形式化、算法和应用等方面系统的回顾了结构化稀疏学习。我们将这些算法置于最小化损失函数和惩罚函数的统一框架中，总结了算法的开源软件实现，并比较了典型优化算法解决结构化稀疏学习问题时的计算复杂度。在实验中，我们给出了无监督学习在结构化信号恢复和层次化图像重建中的应用，以及具有图结构引导的逻辑回归的在监督学习中的应用。

关键词：结构化稀疏学习；算法；应用

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Non-convex sparse optimization-based impact force identification with limited vibration measurements

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第18卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0762-2

摘要： Impact force identification is important for structure health monitoring especially in applications involving composite structures. Different from the traditional direct measurement method, the impact force identification technique is more cost effective and feasible because it only requires a few sensors to capture the system response and infer the information about the applied forces. This technique enables the acquisition of impact locations and time histories of forces, aiding in the rapid assessment of potentially damaged areas and the extent of the damage. As a typical inverse problem, impact force reconstruction and localization is a challenging task, which has led to the development of numerous methods aimed at obtaining stable solutions. The classical

ℓ 2

regularization method often struggles to generate sparse solutions. When solving the under-determined problem,

ℓ 2

regularization often identifies false forces in non-loaded regions, interfering with the accurate identification of the true impact locations. The popular

ℓ 1

sparse regularization, while promoting sparsity, underestimates the amplitude of impact forces, resulting in biased estimations. To alleviate such limitations, a novel non-convex sparse regularization method that uses the non-convex

ℓ 1 − 2

penalty, which is the difference of the

ℓ 1

and

ℓ 2

norms, as a regularizer, is proposed in this paper. The principle of alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is introduced to tackle the non-convex model by facilitating the decomposition of the complex original problem into easily solvable subproblems. The proposed method named

ℓ 1 − 2 -ADMM

is applied to solve the impact force identification problem with unknown force locations, which can realize simultaneous impact localization and time history reconstruction with an under-determined, sparse sensor configuration. Simulations and experiments are performed on a composite plate to verify the identification accuracy and robustness with respect to the noise of the

ℓ 1 − 2 -ADMM

method. Results indicate that compared with other existing regularization methods, the

ℓ 1 − 2 -ADMM

method can simultaneously reconstruct and localize impact forces more accurately, facilitating sparser solutions, and yielding more accurate results.

关键词： impact force identification inverse problem sparse regularization under-determined condition alternating direction method of multipliers

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A regularization scheme for explicit level-set XFEM topology optimization

Markus J. GEISS, Jorge L. BARRERA, Narasimha BODDETI, Kurt MAUTE

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第14卷第2期页码 153-170 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0533-2

摘要： Regularization of the level-set (LS) field is a critical part of LS-based topology optimization (TO) approaches. Traditionally this is achieved by advancing the LS field through the solution of a Hamilton-Jacobi equation combined with a reinitialization scheme. This approach, however, may limit the maximum step size and introduces discontinuities in the design process. Alternatively, energy functionals and intermediate LS value penalizations have been proposed. This paper introduces a novel LS regularization approach based on a signed distance field (SDF) which is applicable to explicit LS-based TO. The SDF is obtained using the heat method (HM) and is reconstructed for every design in the optimization process. The governing equations of the HM, as well as the ones describing the physical response of the system of interest, are discretized by the extended finite element method (XFEM). Numerical examples for problems modeled by linear elasticity, nonlinear hyperelasticity and the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in two and three dimensions are presented to show the applicability of the proposed scheme to a broad range of design optimization problems.

关键词： level-set regularization explicit level-sets XFEM CutFEM topology optimization heat method signed distance field nonlinear structural mechanics fluid mechanics

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稀疏快速Clifford傅里叶变换 Article

Rui WANG, Yi-xuan ZHOU, Yan-liang JIN, Wen-ming CAO

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第8期页码 1131-1141 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500452

摘要：稀疏快速傅里叶变换（sparse fast Fourier transform, sFFT）理论通过选择性地使用输入数据来处理大数据问题。受之启发，我们提出一个称为稀疏快速Clifford傅里叶变换（sparse fast CFT, SFCFT）的算法，该算法能够大幅度提高在标量场和矢量场中的计算性能。

关键词：稀疏快速傅里叶变换（sFFT）；Clifford傅里叶变换（CFT）；稀疏快速Clifford傅里叶变换（SFCFT）；Clifford代数

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Uncertainty propagation analysis by an extended sparse grid technique

X. Y. JIA, C. JIANG, C. M. FU, B. Y. NI, C. S. WANG, M. H. PING

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第14卷第1期页码 33-46 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0514-x

摘要： In this paper, an uncertainty propagation analysis method is developed based on an extended sparse grid technique and maximum entropy principle, aiming at improving the solving accuracy of the high-order moments and hence the fitting accuracy of the probability density function (PDF) of the system response. The proposed method incorporates the extended Gauss integration into the uncertainty propagation analysis. Moreover, assisted by the Rosenblatt transformation, the various types of extended integration points are transformed into the extended Gauss-Hermite integration points, which makes the method suitable for any type of continuous distribution. Subsequently, within the sparse grid numerical integration framework, the statistical moments of the system response are obtained based on the transformed points. Furthermore, based on the maximum entropy principle, the obtained first four-order statistical moments are used to fit the PDF of the system response. Finally, three numerical examples are investigated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, which includes two mathematical problems with explicit expressions and an engineering application with a black-box model.

关键词： uncertainty propagation analysis extended sparse grid maximum entropy principle extended Gauss integration Rosenblatt transformation high-order moments analysis

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基于稀疏表示的拉普拉斯稀疏字典图像分类 Article

Fang LI, Jia SHENG, San-yuan ZHANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第11期页码 1795-1805 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1600039

摘要：为取得更小且表现更好的字典，本文提出一种基于流形学习及双稀疏理论的拉普拉斯稀疏字典学习方法（Laplacian sparse dictionary, LSD）。

关键词：稀疏表示；拉普拉斯正则子；字典学习；双稀疏；流形

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Home location inference from sparse and noisy data: models and applications

Tian-ran HU,Jie-bo LUO,Henry KAUTZ,Adam SADILEK

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第5期页码 389-402 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500385

摘要： Accurate home location is increasingly important for urban computing. Existing methods either rely on continuous (and expensive) Global Positioning System (GPS) data or suffer from poor accuracy. In particular, the sparse and noisy nature of social media data poses serious challenges in pinpointing where people live at scale. We revisit this research topic and infer home location within 100 m×100 m squares at 70% accuracy for 76% and 71% of active users in New York City and the Bay Area, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time home location has been detected at such a fine granularity using sparse and noisy data. Since people spend a large portion of their time at home, our model enables novel applications. As an example, we focus on modeling people’s health at scale by linking their home locations with publicly available statistics, such as education disparity. Results in multiple geographic regions demonstrate both the effectiveness and added value of our home localization method and reveal insights that eluded earlier studies. In addition, we are able to discover the real buzz in the communities where people live.

关键词： Home location Mobility patterns Healthcare

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基于RGBD和稀疏学习的鲁棒目标跟踪 Article

Zi-ang MA, Zhi-yu XIANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第7期页码 989-1001 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601338

摘要：鲁棒目标跟踪近年来成为计算机视觉领域一项重要的且极具挑战性的研究方向。随着深度传感器的普及，深度信息因其对光照变化与遮挡表现出一定的鲁棒性而被广泛应用于视觉目标跟踪算法中。本文提出了一种基于RGBD和稀疏学习的跟踪算法，从三个方面将深度信息应用到稀疏学习跟踪框架。首先将深度图像特征结合现有的基于彩色图像的视觉特征用于目标外观的鲁棒特征描述。为了适应跟踪过程中的各种遮挡情况，我们设计了一种特殊的遮挡物模板用于增广现有的超完备字典。最后，我们进一步提出了一种基于深度信息的遮挡物检测方法用于有效地指示模板更新。基于KITTI和Princeton数据集的大量实验证明了所提出算法的跟踪效果优于时下最先进的多种跟踪器，包括基于稀疏学习的跟踪以及基于RGBD的跟踪。

关键词：目标跟踪；稀疏学习；深度视角；遮挡物模板；深度图像特征

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Adaptive simulation of wave propagation problems including dislocation sources and random media

Hassan YOUSEFI, Jamshid FARJOODI, Iradj MAHMOUDZADEH KANI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第5期页码 1054-1081 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0536-4

摘要： An adaptive Tikhonov regularization is integrated with an h-adaptive grid-based scheme for simulation of elastodynamic problems, involving seismic sources with discontinuous solutions and random media. The Tikhonov method is adapted by a newly-proposed detector based on the MINMOD limiters and the grids are adapted by the multiresolution analysis (MRA) via interpolation wavelets. Hence, both small and large magnitude physical waves are preserved by the adaptive estimations on non-uniform grids. Due to developing of non-dissipative spurious oscillations, numerical stability is guaranteed by the Tikhonov regularization acting as a post-processor on irregular grids. To preserve waves of small magnitudes, an adaptive regularization is utilized: using of smaller amount of smoothing for small magnitude waves. This adaptive smoothing guarantees also solution stability without over smoothing phenomenon in stochastic media. Proper distinguishing between noise and small physical waves are challenging due to existence of spurious oscillations in numerical simulations. This identification is performed in this study by the MINMOD limiter based algorithm. Finally, efficiency of the proposed concept is verified by: 1) three benchmarks of one-dimensional (1-D) wave propagation problems; 2) P-SV point sources and rupturing line-source including a bounded fault zone with stochastic material properties.

关键词： adaptive wavelet adaptive smoothing discontinuous solutions stochastic media spurious oscillations Tikhonov regularization minmod limiter

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联合局部学习和组稀疏回归的无监督特征选择 Regular Papers

Yue WU, Can WANG, Yue-qing ZHANG, Jia-jun BU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第20卷第4期页码 538-553 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700804

摘要：近十年，特征选择备受关注。通过挑选特征子集，可有效提升学习算法效率。由于难以获取标签信息，无监督特征选择算法相较于有监督特征选择算法应用更为广泛，其关键在于找出更能反映数据分布的特征集合。由于数据集中存在冗余和噪声，使用全部特征并不能很好展现数据的真实分布。为解决这一问题，本文提出联合局部学习和组稀疏回归的无监督特征选择算法。将基于局部学习聚类方法与组稀疏回归算法有机整合，选出有效反映数据流形分布同时保持组稀疏结构的特征。通过迭代算法，回归系数汇聚到重要特征上，选出能得到更优聚类效果的特征。对多个实际数据集（图像、声音和网页）的实验证明了该算法的有效性。

关键词：无监督；局部学习；组稀疏回归；特征选择

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结合全变分最小化和稀疏字典学习后处理的低剂量CT重建 Article

Yong DING, Tuo HU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第12期页码 2001-2008 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700287

摘要：随着CT（computed tomography）中过量辐射剂量带来的健康风险日渐引发人们的担忧，低剂量CT得到了大量的关注。然而对于低剂量CT成像而言，在降低剂量的同时保证图像的高质量是一个很大的挑战。相比传统的滤波反投影算法，基于压缩感知的迭代重建法取得了良好的成像效果。但是迭代重建计算复杂度高，阻碍了其临床应用。本文提出一种结合全变分（total variation, TV）最小化和稀疏字典学习的重建方法，不仅提高了重建效果，而且通过自适应的停止策略提高了重建速度。实验结果表明，本文提出的方法相比其他类型的方法能获得更好的图像质量和更高的计算效率。

关键词：低剂量CT；CT成像；全变分；稀疏字典学习

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基于核稀疏表示的磁共振图像分析及其在脑肿瘤自动分割中的应用 None

Ji-jun TONG, Peng ZHANG, Yu-xiang WENG, Dan-hua ZHU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第19卷第4期页码 471-480 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1620342

摘要：脑肿瘤分割在疾病辅助诊断、治疗方案规划以及手术导航中扮演重要角色。对脑肿瘤精确分割可以帮助临床医生获取肿瘤位置、尺寸和形状信息。提出一种基于核稀疏编码的全自动脑肿瘤分割方法，并在3D多模态磁共振成像图（magnetic resonance imaging, MRI）上验证。首先对MRI图像进行预处理以减少噪声，然后通过核字典学习提取非线性特征，用来构建坏死组织、水肿组织、非增强肿瘤组织、增强肿瘤组织和健康组织5个适应性字典。对从原始MRI图像上肿瘤像素点周边m×m×m的小区域提取的特征向量进行稀疏编码，并通过一种基于字典学习的核聚类方法对像素点进行编码。最后通过形态滤波填充在多个相连部分间的区域，提高分割质量。为评估分割表现，分割结果被上传到在线评估系统中，该评估系统使用dice系数、阳性预测值（positive predictive value, PPV）、灵敏度和kappa值作为评估指标。结果表明，该方法在完整肿瘤区域分割上具有良好表现（dice: 0.83; PPV: 0.84; sensitivity: 0.82），而在肿瘤核心区域（dice: 0.69; PPV: 0.76; sensitivity: 0.80）和增强肿瘤区域（dice: 0.58; PPV: 0.60; sensitivity: 0.65）上表现稍差。相较于脑肿瘤分割（BRATS）挑战中其他团队采用的方法，该方法具有竞争力。该方法在健康组织和病理组织区分上具有一定潜力。

关键词：脑肿瘤分割；核方法；稀疏编码；字典学习

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基于变分贝叶斯多稀疏成分提取的空间碎片超高速撞击损伤重构方法研究 Research Article

黄雪刚,石安华,罗庆,罗锦阳

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第23卷第4期页码 530-541 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000575

摘要：为提高在轨航天器抵御空间碎片撞击的生存能力，提出一种撞击损伤评估方法。首先，建立一个针对红外热图像序列数据的多区域损伤挖掘模型，用于描述处于不同空间层的撞击损伤。采用变分贝叶斯推理来求解模型参数，从而有效地从红外热图像数据中识别不同类型撞击损伤。然后，提出一种图像处理框架，包括具有能量函数的图像分割算法和具有稀疏表示的图像融合方法，以消除变异贝叶斯误差并比较不同类型损伤的位置。在试验部分，将上述方法用于评估二次碎片云对Whipple防护结构的复杂撞击损伤。实验结果证明本文提出的方法可以对空间碎片超高速撞击造成的不同类型复杂损伤进行有效识别与评估。

关键词：超高速撞击；变分贝叶斯；稀疏表示；损伤评估

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应用神经网络进行短期负荷预测

罗枚

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第5期页码 77-80

摘要：

以某地区购网有功功率的负荷数据为背景，建立了３个BP神经网络负荷预测模型———SDBP，LMBP 及BRBP模型进行短期负荷预测工作，并对其结果进行比较。针对传统的BP算法具有训练速度慢，易陷入局部最小点的缺点，采用具有较快收敛速度及稳定性的L-M（Levenberg-Marquardt）优化算法进行预测，使平均相对误差有了很大改善，而采用贝叶斯正则化算法可以解决网络过度拟合，提高网络的推广能力。

关键词：短期负荷预测人工神经网络 L唱M算法贝叶斯正则化算法优化算法

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基于改进Kullback-Leibler散度稀疏自动编码机的战损评估 Article

Zong-feng QI, Qiao-qiao LIU, Jun WANG, Jian-xun LI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第12期页码 1991-2000 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601395

摘要：为解决深度学习网络中隐藏层节点数难以确定的问题，文中提出一种改进的KL（Kullback-Leibler）散度稀疏自动编码机，并将该方法应用到战斗损伤评估中。该方法能够自动筛选出对数据重建贡献大的隐层特征，舍弃贡献小的隐层特征，从而优化网络结构。在网络预测精度不受影响的前提下，该方法自动筛选隐层特征，提升了计算速度。基于UCI（University of California, Irvine）数据集和BDA（battle damage assessment）战争破坏数据的实验表明，该方法优于其他数据驱动的方法。改进的KL稀疏自动编码机回归网络在保证预测精度的前提下，能提升网络的训练和预测速度，并自动筛选隐层有效特征，优化隐层节点数，优化网络结构。

关键词：战场损伤评估；改进的KL散度稀疏自动编码机；结构优化；特征选择

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标题作者时间类型操作

结构化稀疏学习综述

Lin-bo QIAO, Bo-feng ZHANG, Jin-shu SU, Xi-cheng LU

期刊论文

Non-convex sparse optimization-based impact force identification with limited vibration measurements

期刊论文

A regularization scheme for explicit level-set XFEM topology optimization

Markus J. GEISS, Jorge L. BARRERA, Narasimha BODDETI, Kurt MAUTE

期刊论文

稀疏快速Clifford傅里叶变换